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shows elected board members to be more responsive to individual interests while appointed boards are more responsive to group concerns. They concude that, to most constituents, the method of selection of board members is unknown or irrelevant.
Interesting national statistics uncovered by the two men show that board members are generally male, white, middle-aged, welleducated, prestigiously employed, Protestant and long-time residents of their communities.
A comparison of Zeigler and Jennings’ work with Thomas L. Varner’s study of Virginia school boards indicates that appointed board members in the Com- . monwealth are better educated and have lived in their communities longer than their national counterparts. Also, a greater proportion of women and non- whites are appointed in Virginia than are elected nationally.
Varner’s study also in- ' dicates that Virginia school boards operate with a mix of “old timers’’ and “new blood.” More than one-half of members have served on a school board for three years or less while approximately one-fourth have served four to eight years.
In Virginia, the only requirement for school board membership is residency in the district to be represented. Unlike many other states, there are no requirements that board members meet educational standards, be freeholders, be taxpayers, be parents or be qualified voters.
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