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stemmed weed that may be killed readily by spraying the base in winter. As long as snow or ice or a swampy condition does not prevent the chemical from reaching the ground line, good results are assured. Alders, birches, sassafras, cherries and willows are pdshovers for brushkiller. These plants will succumb to 2,4-D alone, but any woody plant is more quickly affected if 2,45-T is included in the spray.
Scrub oaks, aspens and black locusts up to four inches in diameter are easily eliminated with brushkiller in oil. The more of the spray that reaches the juncture of * roots, and trunk, the better the results. Trees up to six inches in diametei* and more, have been killed with a slightly stronger solution, although the killing may take two years.
Some trees are more difficult— ash, hickory, hornbeam, tulip, and red maple in particular. Any trees with thick bark is resistant to a chemical spray. Either a stronger solution or a greater quantity of spray—or both—will increase the chances of success in killing unwanted specimens of these species. Against Hawthorn
Hawthorn, or thornapple, also is stubborn where it has invaded pasture lands. Results of experiments, reported at the 1952 Weed Control Conference, showed that 2,4,5-T alone in oil is more effective on hawthorn, and that basal spraying of the bark works better than foliage spraying.
Follow-up sprayings are required for-blackberries,sumac and other plants with underground runners. The chemical does not move into the horizontal rootstock; as long as that remains alive new shoots will 'come up. Eventually, however, the entire system will be killed.
Where trees are cut for immediate clearance of property, sprouting can be prevented by soaking the sides of the stump to the runoff point with brushkiller in oil. The region from which the sprouts are likely to arise should be especially well saturated.
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