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Although apple bruising can be reduced in every step of harvesting, packing, storage, and transportation, the best opportunity for reduction of bruises is in the apple packing house. This reduction can be obtained by closer supervision of packing operations. In the grading-packing process, the greatest number of bruises occur from (1) dumping, (2) dropping from one level to another, and (») hitting various parts of moving equipment. “ Avoid rough dumping of apples out of field containers, and avoid - rough filling of packing containers from bins. Cushion, with sponge rubber, the surface that apples strike on the grading-packing equipment. _ >
A consumer preference study conducted in Virginia showed that boxes were preferred to bushel baskets of apples. Suggestions for adopting the northwest system of packing are available from the ‘Virginia Extension Service. ~L -
If apples are to be stored it is important to help decrease surface •cald in cold storage. This may he done during packing by using paper' containing not less than 15 per cent mineral oil either in the form of paper wraps or shredded paper.
“Virginia Standards for Apples” is a publication on grading, packing, and inspection which is available from the Virginia Department of Agriculture at Richmond.. However, it ia not enough to just fpass inspection^ rather a pack should be put up that will compare (favorably with apples from other stdtes. -* f If a grower has a portion of a crop of apples that will not pack well, he phpuld not pack them but «end them instead to a by-product plant. It is also unwise to'finish out containers with poor quality 'apples at the c’ose of a'run. Although a good face in each container is stressed, including small sized apples and poor quality apples below the face lowers the market value and sale of the apples. >• t Mesh bags, pliofilm, cellophane, and paper calfbns are being used , more each year fpr prepacking apples. However, there is no eer-, tainty as to which type of container ia going to be the most important in future yean. Do 'not over-inVest, in equipmnt without, being sure iof an adequate outlet for your prepackaged apples. Storage • , v- f * • ,
Poor quality apples that go into storage' will never become good apples—therefore only 'store the apples that are both 'in good condition and will have good eating quality. , \ ■ a_a,u_e..- a _' -a. ___
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