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Winters Colder,
Summers Milder
Winters aren’t what they used to be back in 1950. They’re colder,* and some experts say air pollution is to blame.
In both North America and Europe, the cooling trend has made winters a bit harsher and summers slightly milder, climatologists report.
The cooler weather contrasts with the warming trend observed during the first half of the 20th century; the National Geographic Society says. Yet, paradoxically, pollution may have contributed to both the warming and cooling trends. The contradiction arises from the different kinds of i materials that pollute the atmosphere.
The warming trend may have been caused by carbon dioxide, produced by burning coal and oil. Carbon dioxide absorbs heat *o efficiently that a relatively small amount has a powerful effect.
A study by Dr. Syukuro Manabe of the Environmental Science Services Administration indicates that carbon dioxide keeps the world nearly 20 degrees warmer than it would be if the gas were totally absent. A 10 percent increase in the atmosphere’s carbon dioxide might raise temperature in the lower atmosphere by about one-half degree Fahrenheit. This !
approximates the worldwide | increase since 1900. The effect of carbon dioxide may have been offset in recent years by another form of pollution - dust, smoke, and other particles that man is pouring into the air. If Ahis theory is correct, says ESSA climatologist J. Murray Mitchell, “the pollution particles so conspicuous over our cities and industrial complexes are spreading into a nebulous veil that is virtually encircling the world
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