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establishes a colony, building herself a small nest in the earth, under a rock, or in a decayeed tree. She lays a few eggs, tending them until a small nucleus of workers develops.
From then on, the queen does nothing but lay eggs. Her single mating leaves her productive for as long as 15 years.
Female workers excavate the ,nest, clean it, forage for food, care for. the young, and defend the colony. Their work is never done. But entomologists studying army ants in Panama found that about 20 percent of the workers were careless housekeepers and lax nursemaids. The leaf-cutting ants of tropical America are farmers. They cut tree leaf segments and carry them back to their immense nest - often 16 feet deep -- where they are used as beds for fungus spores. The ants plant and tend the fungus, their principal food.
Ants Make “Bread”
European harvester ants gather seeds and grain, storing them in granaries deep in their nests. After the harvesters husk the seeds, a ‘‘chewing society” assembles to masticate them for hours at a time. Saliva transforms
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