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The bottom has screen attached to the underside as well, which prevents worms and other critters from tunneling into the frame’s occupants, seed pots and flats. The box can be as large as you can comfortably pick up and move, or quite small. The sides are best at 10”12”, to accommodate head room for plants later on.

Locate the seed frame in a sheltered south or east facing spot, preferably against a building. A three-inch layer of sand should be spread along the screen bottom. This helps to keep pots from tipping over. Rain and snow will naturally do their work through the screened lid.

Check the estimated stratification and germination requirements for seeds. It will vary from a few weeks to a few months. Some plants may take a year.

As pansies and primulas need only a few weeks’ chill, I like to moisten the flats first, then place a humidity dome or pane of glass over the tops to coax their sprouting. When germination does occur, you will need to bring the pots indoors under fights, unless it is already warmer, frost free weather.

Most native plants can be left outside until they germinate through their own efforts. Foamflower, toothwort and twinleaf are early blooming natives that need to be sown when their seed is freshly collected after flowering in spring. “Joe Pye Weed” and “Cardinal Flower”, summer flowers,will germinate readily from fall collected seed wintered outdoors in the seed-frame.

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