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overseeding. This gives the seed better contact with the soil and insures that the new seedlings will receive adequate sunlight. It also delays the growth of the old sod, giving the new seedlings longer to develop.
There is no point in attempting to establish new seedlings if soil pH and-or fertility are limiting. Take soil samples and apply lime and fertilizer according to the soil test results.
If the area to be overseeded is for pasture or for a spring hay cutting and then grazing, overseed with 1-2 pounds of ladino clover and 2-3 pounds of red clover per acre. For hay fields, seed 4-6 pounds of red clover per acre. Grass seed may also be included to help thicken the existing sod. Always use productive, disease resistant varieties and high quality seed.
A wide range of overseeding methods may be used successfully. If the management factors discussed earlier are taken care of, simply broadcasting the seed on the soil surface is usually successful. Freezing and thawing of the soil will usually effectively cover the seed. Allowing cattle to stay on the overseeded area helps to tread the seed into the soil.
If grass seed is included in the overseeding it is usually desirable to place the seed in the soil and cover it. If the seeding is made late in the spring (after April 1) or in the fall, it is definitely an advantage to place both the clover and grass seed in the soil rather than on the surface. A grain drill, a sod seeder developed specifically for seeding in sod, or a disk can all be used effectively for this purpose.
If the sod being overseeded is actively growing, as in the spring, or fall, the use of a burn-back herbicide such as paraquat is helpful. This may be applied in bands if used with a sod seeder or may be sprayed broadcast to hold the sod back.
Do not overlook the importance of post-seeding management in establishing the new seedlings. In pastures, the growth should be grazed each time the old sod begins to shade the new seedlings. In hayfields, mow the overseeded fields before the older hayfields to give the young plants every opportunity to develop.
Overseeding weakened pastures and hayfields can result in dramatic improvement in their productivity. However, the management steps discussed must be followed for the procedure to be effective.
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