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(Edltor’i Note: Trade and brand names are used only for the purpose of information and the Virginia Cooperative Extension Service does not guarantee nor warrant the standard of the product, nor does it imply approval of the product to the exclusion of others which may also be suitable.)

Good fall and winter management is necessary if bee colonies in Virginia are to survive until spring. Each winter, five to 20 percent of the colonies in the state die.

According to Richard D. Fell, apiculturist at Virginia Tech, most of these losses could be prevented if more care were taken with prewinter management.

"Most of the problems associated with the winter season can be avoided if beekeepers work to satisfy, four basic management principles,” Fell said. These include insuring that each colony has a good queen, enough food reserves, remains free of disease, and that protection is provided.

Also, beekeepers should only attempt to overwinter strong colonies. Weak colonies should be combined (colonies with less than one or one and a half full depth hive bodies of bees).

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