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logical abuse as well* There in athe'l fear of increased violence if the victim trys to get help or reports the abuse to social services or law enforcement. Threats and intimidation can also be seen as abuse. These feelings are very real, and can make it even more difficult to muster the courage and determination to deal with or escape the battering situation.
The victims typically have low self-esteem, which is made even worse by the abuse. Sometimes the battered wife may even feel that she has somehow caused the violence, and guilt keeps her from seeking help.
Sometimes it is a trusted friend who enables them finally to get help. The friend may convince them to seek help, or even alert authorities to the situation.
Right after the violence, at the beginning of the “making-up phase,”
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