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hance the natural and beneficial, functions of wetlands. They must also provide multipurpose forest and wildlife benefits.
To be eligible for cost-share pay-.' ments, owners must agree to follow’ specified practices.
Their planting efforts would be, carried out to preserve and improve environmental quality and wildlife by increasing sediment trapping effi-' ciencies or improve surface or' groundwater quality and reduce eu-. trophication — a process in which, the oxygen in lakes and streams_ slowly declines.
The efforts should also be aimed at preventing excessive erosion and' providing food and cover for water-, ( fowl and other wildlife. In addition,; the trees must be maintained for the, “life of the contract.”
CP-14 provides an opportunity to' reforest bottomlands with a variety of tree species and reforestation! techniques. Bottomland hardwoods,, including oaks, ash, pecan, walnut,, sycamore and many others, can be, planted with bare-root stock.
The seedlings should be large —, 12 to 18 inches tall. The root-collar, diameter should be 3/8 of an inch or larger. A balanced root-top ratio is‘ also important.
Natural regeneration is another option for hardwoods or pine-hard^ wood mixtures. This method of forjpstation would be the best choice of forest with a high potential for natural reproduction.
Another proven technique is direct seeding. This method is particularly suited for the bottomland oaks, including cherrybank, nutall, shumard, and water oak.
Some better drained sites are also suitable for planting pine seedlings. The owner could grow pine for a rotation and then allow the sites to | naturally revert to hardwoods or a ; pine-hardwood mixture. ;
Some of the more innovative re- ’ forestation techniques will require ! developement of unique compliance j methods to assure the adequacy of : regeneration. Restoring forested i wetlands, however, adds an inter- i esting and important new dimension | to the conservation reserve pro—! gram. !
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