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By Susan Jonhs

Rappahannock News Writer

Every so often a person needs a refresher, and that's what the Rappahannock County Garden Club was treated to at its August meeting. Club member Celine Siira refreshed and inspired the club with her presentation of “Line and Mass Floral Design.”

She created three floral designs using materials found on roadsides and meadows, such as grasses and wildflowers, as well as flowers and shrubs from the garden. Then she de-constructed them, took them apart, to demonstrate some basic principles of flower arranging.

The height of an arrangement is determined by measuring the length and width of its container and multiplying that by one and one half or two.

To begin an arrangement, set the first stem at that appropriate height and then work the rest of the arrangement based on that measurement. The style of the arrangement dictates the placement of the other materials; some designs are symmetrical, and others are asymmetrical, but all are balanced in proportion and scale.

Materials should also have a sense of rhythm by repetition of types, as well as be contrasting with each other. The arrangement should have a dominance of color and form as well as a focal point, with heavier

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