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carry on a conversation with your trail partner, you’re going too fast. Another self-check is to monitor your pulse rate and maintain an acceptable heart rate.
• Snake Strikes and Insect Bites: Snakes are afraid of humans, so if you let the snake know you’re coming, you will probably never see it. If you step down firmly on the ground, the snake will feel the vibrations and flee. Stay on the trail for added safety. The simplest way to prevent insect bites is to wear clothes that leave little skin exposed. If it’s too hot, use plenty of insect repellant. From time to time and particularly at the end of the hike, have a partner check your scalp and back for ticks.
• Nettle and Poison Ivy: Watch your step and be careful if relieving yourself behind a tree. Remember the rule: “Leaves of three, let it be!” Again, staying on the trail helps prevent exposure.
• Cramps and Fatigue: When not caused by heat exhaustion, these are usually a result of poor meal planning and rest patterns. Mr. Nussbaum says, “Once breakfast is over, lunch begins and lasts all day long.” You should snack with small portions of food all day to maintain^ steady source of energy. When planning rest periods, remember the following rule: “Less than five or more than 20.” If you rest more than five minutes at a time, lactic acid can build up in your muscles and cause fatigue, but if you rest more than 20 minutes, the bloodstream has a chance to wash it out of your system.
• Tainted Water Supply: While planning for the hike, consult your guidebook for availability of water. When in doubt, bring your own water along on the hike. Even if there is water available, bring water purification tablets (available at drugstores) for emergencies.
Finally, hikers should try to leave the environment as they found it. Be respectful of the earth, carry out your litter and learn how to be a responsible trail user. For information on “no trace” or “wilderness” ethics, consult the Ranger Station, or call one of the local hiking associations. With planning and preparation, hiking can be one of your fondest summer memories!
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