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your garden, you are leaving diseases and insects that will begin to reproduce again next spring and add to next year's pest problem.
• Many disease causing viruses overwinter in the roots of perennial weeds. Tomato mosaic virus overwinters in the roots of ground cherry, horsenettle, jimson weed, night shade, and bittersweet; cucumber mosaic virus lives in the roots of milkweed, catnip, and pokeweed; bean mosaic overwinters in white sweet clover roots; and many cabbage diseases spread from wild members of the cole family. So, for the aspect of disease control, it is evident that a good fall cleanup is essential.
• Place a ripe apple in a closed container with green tomatoes to encourage the tomatoes to turn red. Ripe apples give off ethylene gas that causes tomatoes to ripen.
• Plant trees at least six feet away from sidewalks and concrete pools, so growing roots do not crack the concrete.
• October and November are generally considered the best months to plant trees and shrubs. Garden centers and nurseries usually stock a good selection of woody plants at this time of year. Select some accent plants for your landscape that will provide autumn colors. Trees that turn red include dogwood, red maple, sweet gum, and red or scarlet oak. Shrubs with red fall foliage include viburnum, winged euonymus, and barberry.
• Light pruning of both needle and broadleaf evergreens is recommended in late fall to encourage a strong framework to help the plant overcome any snow damage. Remove any weak or crowded branches.
• Pick bag worms from evergreen shrubs. This will eliminate the spring hatch from overwintered eggs.
For additional information on gardening questions call the Extension Office at 6753619.
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