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lhe rocks beneath most ot Rappahannock County are old, some well over a billion years old, and among the oldest rocks in the Appalachian Mountains. They formed from molten rock—magma--deep in the earth’s crust. A continental collision folded and faulted the rocks into a 1,000-mile-long mountain chain, the Grenville Mountains, which probably was higher than today’s Himalayas.
The Grenville rocks were eroded into a flat plain. Thousands of feet of younger sediments, which later formed the Appalachian Mountains, were deposited on top of them.
More eons of erosion removed much of the original rock and exposed it to the surface. Today only a remnant remains of these ancient rocks. In Virginia, they are found in a narrow belt along parts of the Blue Ridge and just to the east, including most of Rappahannock County.
There were more outcrops up the hill beyond the cliff. We gathered up our equipment— rock Hammers, compasses, specimen bags, notebooks and lots of
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