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Virginia Vignettes
Who were
the first
Europeans
to arrive in
Virginia?
It was not the English and John Smith in 1607! Almost a century before, in 1521 and 1525, the Spanish had explored the Chesapeake Bay region, calling it Bahia de Santa Maria. At the same time the French also sailed into the area, but neither nation was inclined to establish a colony, preferring to create outposts to the south, one of which was St. Augustine, the first permanent European settlement in the future United States (1565). When their activity attracted the interest of England, the Spanish renewed efforts to colonize their northern frontier. An expedition led by Jesuit missionaries and Don Luis, a Christianized Indian, arrived at Bahia de Santa Maria on September 10, 1570, disembarking on the James River not far from the later Jamestown site. From there they moved to the York River and built their base camp called Ajacan. In February, 1571, the mission, reduced to privation, was destroyed by the Powhatan Indians.
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