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Buffers
From Page A1
the middle and fish at the top.
The forest buffer along the river or stream protects it from streambank erosion, helps remove nitrogen, phosphorus and sediment, reduces downstream flooding, provides thermal protection from the heat when trees hang over the stream keeping the water temperature cooler and therefore, having a higher dissolved oxygen content which is good for fish.
Leaf drop from the trees provides food for the bacteria at the bottom of the stream food chain.
The counties of Spotsylvania and Stafford and the City of Fredericksburg all get their water from the Rappahannock River. The buffers become more important as the river’s use increases.
North of Fredericksburg, the city owns 4,000 acres of woodland forest which protects the river. Fredericksburg, Mr. Wiggins said, recommends a woodland buffer at least one
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