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There is a vaccine for equine WNV. It is effective for six to 12 months, so horses must be re-vaccinated at least annually and, in an area where the disease occurs frequently, vaccination every six months is best.
Horse owners should contact their veterinarians to see if vaccination is indicated for their animals. Other prevention methods include destroying standing water breeding sites for mosquitoes, using insect repellents such as DEET, and removing animals from mosquito-infested areas during peak biting times, usually dusk to dawn.
While WNV is found in many tissues in bird hosts (liver, kidneys, heart, brain), in horses, the disease is most likely to affect the brain, causing inflammation (encephalitis), which leads to a loss of coordination, lack of interest in their surroundings and loss of appetite. It can cause the horse to go down and be unable to get up without help.
Animal owners should consult their veterinarians or the nearest VDACS Regional Animal Health Laboratory if an animal exhibits any neurological symptoms such as a stumbling gait, facial paralysis, drooping, and disinterest in its surroundings.
For more information on West Nile Virus and how to protect humans and horses, log on to the following Web sites:
http://www.vdacs.state.va.us /animals/wnv.html
http://www.vdh.state.va.us/e pi/wnv.htm
http://www.aphis.usda.gOv/l pa/issues/wnv/wnv.html
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