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Perennials and bulbs
• Ferns can be planted or transplanted in fall.
• Some spring-flowering bulbs will send up a few leaves in the late fall or early winter. The bulbs will still produce flowers in the spring.
• Move and divide crowded perennials now. Arrange for swaps with friends and neighbors.
• Add mulch to your perennial border. A one-inch layer of weed-free straw or chopped leaves will help conserve soil moisture, protect the root system, and reduce plant loss by soil heaving during the winter.
• Fall is an excellent time for taking soil samples of your lawn and garden. Soil tests will measure the acidity or alkalinity of the soil and the levels of some of the major elements required for plant growth, such as phosphorus, magnesium and potassium. Obtain soil-test kits from the Extension Office.
Interior gardening
• When watering your potted plants, keep this in mind. According to Ohio State researchers, cold water can destroy the ability of root cells to take in water and nutrients. Water below 50 F was found to reduce leaf size, cause leaf drop, and eventually contribute to the death of potted plants. Those requiring frequent watering, such as spathiphyllum and ficus are especially prone to damage and should not be watered with water below 6 F. Other tests show that warmer water (about 90 F) actually stimulates growth.
• Christmas cacti need special care now to produce flowers in December. Buds will form when temperatures are between 50 and 60 F, or if the plant is exposed to at least 13 hours of complete darkness each night, Putting them in a spare room is well worth the extra effort it may take or the spectacular display of blooms that is sure to fol
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