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numbers in line with feed supplies. All types of purchased forage is likely to be expensive; grain will be a cheaper source of nutrients if forage is short. Cows can get by on as little as Vi lb. of hay per hundred pounds of body weight per day if additional nutrients can be provided by winter pasture, stockpiled grazing, crop residue, broiler litter or grain.
3. Creep graze calves on the best pasture available. This could be an alfalfa or clover hay field or an area of improved pasture. A simple creep gate will allow calves to use the best grazing while restricting cows to poorer grazing.
4. If creep grazing isn’t possible, creep feed grain to suckling calves. A mixture of 80 per cent cracked corn and 20 per cent soybean meal will give a 16 per cent protein creep ration suitable for calves getting little milk or high quality pasture. Don’t use urea in creep rations.
5. Wean calves early particularly in fall calving herds. In some cases, it may pay to wean calves early. Dry cows can survive on half the TDN required by cows nursing calves. Once cows are rebred, a period of reduced feeding will not do much harm. Heavier calves can go directly to market in special summer sales or calves can
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