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While color experts may not agree on which colors produce which emotional responses, they agree that colors do affect emotions. It is often stated that pink has a calming effect and red causes excitement. Blue is supposed to be calming because it reminds people of water. Green is refreshing because it brings thoughts of nature. A space designed for quiet reflection would not likely have bright colors or a wide mix of hues. A restful atmosphere is created by using many shades of one or two hues. On the other hand, a space intended for active entertaining might sport a variety of bright tones.
Remember to provide some visual interest in the landscape all through the year. Spring, summer, and fall each provide a great deal of visual interest due to the distinctive colors produced by flowers and leaves. The season that produces the least amount of visual interest in terms of color is winter. Most attempts to provide color during winter involve using evergreens.
Use Plants that Become
Visible in Winter
To provide relief from the dreariness of winter, one idea is to accentuate those qualities of plants that are more visible because of their bareness. Plants with green and red twigs, trees with colorful exfoliating bark, fruits that stay on the branches through winter or plants with latewinter or very early spring blooms all brighten the winter landscape.
A source of spring, summer, and fall color undergoing a revival in landscape design is perennials. The ease of maintenance, that fact that perennials return year after year, and the tremendous array of colors throughout the growing season make perennials the choice of many homeowners and landscapers. Many perennials also provide much-longed-for color in winter and provide an array of golden browns, rusts and yellows.
Color is but one element among many to be considered creating balanced, harmonious and functional landscapes. Use color in a disciplined and controlled fashion to strength, rather than disrupt, the general form and pattern of garden and street.
Dr. Diane Relf is a horticulture specialist with Virginia Cooperative Extension and is a member of the faculty of Virginia Tech.
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