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berries, and the fruit of the Virginia creeper.
In October, flickers in the north begin to move south in large numbers. This migration is timed to coincide with when fruits and berries are most brilliantly colored. Reds, blues, and yellows attract the flickers, which gobble up the fruits, digest their nutrients, and expel the seeds, thus planting them for future autumnal meals.
Flickers are found throughout the United States anywhere there are trees. They are, after all, woodpeckers. Because of this wide distribution, controversy and confusion have swirled around the taxonomy (species and family relationships) of flickers like autumn leaves caught in a whirlwind. Until the settlement of the Midwestern prairies — and tree planting by homesteaders where there had been none — this was not so complex an issue for ornithologists.
The flicker seen in the west has salmon-red wing linings (or shafts) and the male sports a red mustache. This bird was called the red-shafted
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