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Natural Pollination Activity
Because of the paramount importance of bees in fruit trees, forage crops, food crop and wild plant pollination, Grove urges close cooperation and continuous communication among local pesticide users and beekeepers.
in regard to pesticide application, he list three areas of concern: orchards, forage crops, and (surprisingly) homeowners. Routine applications in these three situations are chronic troublemakers, when there is carelessness or lack of communication.
Orchard spraying is perhaps the most common chemical hazard to honey production in this area. According to Grove, routine early-season spraying is done to attept to minimize damage from mites and various insects, including aphids, leafhoppers and leaf rollers. All of these applications should be done prior to fruit tree blooming, during the bloom, spraying is normally limited to fungicides.
Post-bloom spraying is routinely carried out for curculio (which causes “catface" fruit) and codling moth. Grove reiterated that insecticide spraying should be restricted to pre- and postblooming. "But even then we still see problems,” he said, due presence of dandelions and other flowers blooming underneath the fruit trees.
Regarding forage-crop insecticide poisoning. Grove suggested a simple prevention measure: Spray late in the evening, when most of the field bees are “at home.” Still, close communication with beekeepers is paramount, because of possible residual effects of insecticides.
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