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beforehand.
The seed is slow to germinate, but will eventually sprout if kept moist. Some gardeners use trick such as soaking the seed in water, freezing the seed, or pouring boiling water over the soil after planting the seed. These may speed up germination somewhat, but it is just as easy to start early and be patient.
Parsley may be slow to start, but caraway can be slow and difficult. The seed is viable for only a short time and may not survive winter storage so germination is relatively poor from packaged seed. Freezing the seed for a few days before sowing can improve germination. This hardy plant can be seeded directly outside where it is to grow.
One plant will produce a prodigious amount of seed, so unless you really like rye bread, raise just a few plants. Like parsley, caraway is a biennial and will only produce a rosette of leaves the first year of growth. The next season will bring the umbels of flowers with their abundant seed.
If you leave just one seed head you will have plenty of volunteer plants. The seed that falls to the ground is as fresh as can be and will not suffer the viability problems of purchased seed.
Dr. Diane Relf is a horticulture specialist with Virginia Cooperative Extension and is a member of the faculty at Virginia Tech.
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