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course” or “wearing course,” as that is the part that takes a beating, wears out, and requires maintenance.
The high part in the middle is called the “crown” and there should be a good “camber” to the roadway. That is, the roadway should bow upward with a slight convexity so water runs off. If you have a well-constructed driveway, there will be other courses underneath the surface course, but you can’t see these. Going downward, these might include a base course, possibly a subbase course, and finally the sub grade at the bottom, usually plain earth.
The better the various courses, the better your driveway. It will be able to handle the weight of various vehicles, the day-in and day-out wear and tear of their passage, plus the weathering caused by rain, melting snow, or frost heaves.
Another common word is “travel way” or “traveled way.” This is the part of the driveway your vehicle travels along. Usually you drive along the path made by your tires, but if a portion gets a rut, a pothole, or something’s in the way, e.g., wet leaves or pine needles, or a small fallen tree branch or a rock, the travel way provides flexibility in moving left or right to go around the obstruction so you don’t end up in the ditch.
The most important part of your driveway is the “ditching” or “drainage” setup. When you’re lying awake in the middle of the night, listening to the rain drumming away on your roof, running down into the gutters, and down the drain pipes, hopefully the rain is following a similar
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