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for highway construction projects, Mr. James said.

But as part of the annual workshops, two projects in a district are picked by the headquarters staff in Richmond for such studies “to see whether or not costs can be cut without sacrificing design and safety,” he said.

Mr. Phillips reported that VDOTs engineers “did look in depth” at the recommendations of the value engineering study, but “not to the degree that we prepared a full set of plans to widen the existing road . . . We pursued the recommendations to the point where we determined they were not feasible.”

Building just the east bound portion of the dual lane and using the existing two-lane for westbound traffic was dropped when it was discovered that the cut-and-fill slopes would encroach upon the present Rt. 211 “wrhich meant we would have to rebuild the existing road in those spots,” Mr. Phillips said.

The value engineering study’s recommended alternative — widening the existing road and shoulders — was rejected upon discovery that the proposed road improvements “did not take into account requirements for sight distance and other standards” or “the increased right-of-way which would be needed from both sides of the road,” the engineer said. Those omissions would considerably increase the $1.4 million for the im

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