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will ensure there is no decaying matter.
As part of the bottom-raking routine, gently move the submerged, oxygenating plants out of the deepest part of the pond, rake out any accumulated muck, and return the plants to their deep-end location. The fish need this plant cover in the deepest part of the pond to help protect them during the winter.
Removed Fallen Leaves Daily
With this initial light cleaning out of the way, scoop out fallen leaves daily with a long-handled net. With smaller ponds, it’s possible to construct a frame with netting to place over the surface to catch any straying leaves, thus avoiding the daily cleaning.
Keeping the leaves out of the pond is important to prevent any buildup of decaying matter which uses oxygen from the water to the detriment of the fish.
Once winter has set in, check the pond regularly to see that ice does not form completely over the surface. There are several ways to prevent this. The easiest is to leave the pump for your fountain or waterfull on for the entire winter. Another way of ensuring gas exchange (oxygen in, carbon dioxide out) for the fish is to place a weighted bundle of
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