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Viruses Cannot Be Controlled
After Infecting Plant
Viruses cannot be controlled by pesticide sprays, and once they have entered a plant, virtually nothing can be done to prevent or lessen the damage that will ultimately occur.
In small fruit crops, viruses are mainly transmitted by sucking insects, particularly aphids and leafhoppers. Nematodes, commonly found in soil, also transmit viruses to small fruit crops by piercing and damage roots with their mouth parts.
Grafting and budding of stock, for instance from virus-infected grapes to healthy grapes plants, will likewise result in transmission of the disease. Of course, if plants such as blueberries and strawberries are infected with viruses, any cuttings or runners taken from these plants and rooted will also be virus-infected.
Visible symptoms may be evident causing suspicion of infection by a virus. Indeed, the names of many viral diseases such as mosaic, stunt, false blossom, leaf curl, dwarf streak, and ringspot are derived from the common appearances of infected plants.
Yet, some types of virus damage such as loss of vigor, decrease in fruit set, reduction in fruit quality, and change in the normal pattern of ripening are more subtle viruses, and therefore, difficult to pinpoint.
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