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Until recently, the most common method of checking engine coolant hose was to visually inspect its outside cover for signs of wear, or "ballooning" under pressure.
This method is no longer considered completely reliable in light of research that proves most hoses fail from the inside out.
Damage Starts Inside
During four years of field tests on fleet vehicles, engineers for The Gates Rubber Company identified the primary cause of coolant hose failure as all electrochemical attack on the tube compound inside the hose.
The phenomenon, Jcnown as electrochemical degradation or ECD produces fine cracks, or striations, in the tube wall.
These fine cracks extend from the inside to thee outside of the hose tube, near one or both ends of the hose.
The coolant seeps through these cracks and attacks the hose reinforcement as it wicks along the length of the hose. The condition eventually results in a pinhole leak or a burst of hose at failure.
ECD is not peculiar to any one automotive manufacturer, but is evident in almost all cooling system hoses.
The most severe damage occurs where the temperature is hottest and air is present with the coolant, which is why upper radiator hoses tend to fail first.
Like oxidation, ECD is accelerated by driving lhabits thal increase the heal history
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