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Photo courtesy of Alan Williams SHADED: A shade coffee plantation with intact forest in the background. Coffee grown in the shade of rain forest canopy offers more biodiversity than coffee grown in the sun on land that has been cleared of forest.
Protection’s Biodiversity Task Force. On the walk, he discussed the characteristics and habits of migratory songbirds that fly through or nest in our area in the spring and summer. In the Panama study, he and the other researchers had found many of those same birds—including warblers, American redstarts, indigo buntings, and thrushes—overwintering in Panama.
Much of the Smithsonian study took place at Finca Hartmann, a small familyowned farm (“finca” in Spanish) in the Chiriqui highlands of the Talamanca Range, which is shared by Costa Rica. This area encompasses “the largest complex of protected areas and intact ecosystems within one bioregion in Central America,” according to the World Bank.
While most coffee in the world is grown in the sun, where native forests have been replaced by coffee bushes, Williams says, Finca Hartmann grows “shade coffee” beneath a canopy of forest that can vary between three trees per acre to almost a full canopy. Shade-grown coffee bushes, once established, take less care than sun coffee and live three times as long, he adds. Not only does this use of native forest produce great-tasting coffee, it also provides greater biodiversity than the areas that have been logged and then planted in sun
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