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tninning earner in tne season, and weed control among the trees. The problems you see can be remedied this fall or next spring.
• Be sure not to store apples or pears with vegetables such as potatoes and squash. The fruits give off ethylene gas that speeds up the ripening process of vegetables and may cause them to develop "off' flavors.
• Remove all two year old canes from raspberry and blackberry plants to reduce over wintering of disease. Soil applied fertilizers containing potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, or calcium can be applied, but do not cultivate or irrigate at this time of the year.
• Check grapevines for mummified berries, victims of black rot. Pick them, and dispose of them before they can spread the disease. Do not put them in the compost pile.
• Fall weed control around fruit trees is crucial because weeds act as hosts to over wintering insects. Be sure to turn the soil as the days grow cooler to destroy soil burrowing larvae.
• There are several methods that can be used to determine when apples are ready to be picked. The first is to hold a fruit gently in the palm of your hand. Then, slowly lift up on the fruit. If the stem easily separates from the tree, it is ripe. Second, the base color, the side of the fruit nearest the trunk, of many varieties changes from a darker to a
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