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Specifically, sexual abuse includes: incest; rape; intercourse; oral-genital contact; fondling; sexual propositions or enticement; indecent exposure; child pornography; or child prostitution. The nature of sexual abuse makes it very difficult for children to come forward to report sexual abuse because of the possible involvement of trusted parents, or other caretakers.
Individuals generally feel uncomfortable talking about the sexual abuse of children and quite often will avoid the issue altogether in an effort to protect a perpetrator. Because sexual abuse is a “living nightmare” for many children, the physical indicators, child behavioral indicators and characteristics of the parent or caretaker should be familiar to any individual having an association with a child(ren).
Sexual abuse could be known as a “hidden” form of abuse because of its subtle nature. Some physical indicators of sexual abuse are difficulty walking or sitting; torn or stained underclothing; pain or itching in genital area; and/or bruises or bleeding in external genitalia, vaginal, or anal areas.
The child may exhibit some behavioral indicators such as an unwillingness to change for gym, bizarre or unusual sexual behavior or knowledge, perhaps a detailed and age-inappropriate understanding of sexual behavior (especially in younger children), delinquent or run away (especially adolescents), reports of sexual assault by the caretaker, suicide attempt (especially in adolescents), unexplained money or “gifts,” deterioration in academic performance or perhaps the child is overly concerned for siblings.
This is certainly not a complete listing of possible behavioral indicators but adults should be mindful of the fact that sexual abuse is a reality with many children and sometimes the only indicator of such abuse may be the child’s unexplained behavior.
Caretaker characteristics may include, but not be limited to: extremely protective or jealous of child; sexually abused as a child; misuses alcohol or other drugs; the non-abusing caretaker/ spouse is frequently absent from the home, permitting access to the child by abusing caretaker/spouse; or may encourage the child to engage in prostitution or
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