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Arab
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from Turkey, Syria, or anywhere in that general region. If a horse came from Arabia, it was an Arabian, unless it was an “Oriental” — or a Barb, or a Turk. When such a name appears in a horse’s family tree, or pedigree, think “Arabian.”
All thoroughbreds descend directly from three Arabian foundation sires. The first, the Byerly Turk (1680-1696), was taken as a spoil of war. Captured from the Turks in Hungary, he was brought to England by Col. Robert Byerley. A printer’s error when recording his name in the Stud Book dropped the second “e” in his official registered name.
Sham, the Godolphin Arabian (1724-1753), was also known, erroneously, as the Godolphin Barb, based on portraits painted after his death. According to Lady Wentworth,
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